Module 1: How Big Tech Collects and Manipulates User Data

Introduction

The internet economy thrives on data. Every search you make, every product you view, and every post you engage with generates valuable insights for companies. These organizations use sophisticated tools like cookies and tracking pixels to follow your behavior across the web, tailoring ads and content to your preferences.

Understanding how data is collected helps you become more aware of your digital footprint and the subtle ways companies influence your online experience.

Real-World Example:

Imagine you Google “best laptops for students.” Suddenly, your Instagram and YouTube feeds flood with laptop ads. This is no coincidence. Companies deploy cookies and tracking pixels to monitor your search history and online behavior, creating targeted advertisements just for you.

How to Protect Your Data:

Before we explore the tools for protection, let’s clarify why they matter. Without precautions, your browsing behavior is like an open book for advertisers and data brokers. Using privacy-enhancing technologies puts some of that control back in your hands.

• Use private browsing or incognito mode: This limits your browser’s ability to store your search history and reduces tracking by websites.
• Disable third-party cookies in browser settings: Prevent advertisers from tracking you across different sites.
• Use a VPN (Virtual Private Network): Encrypts your internet activity, hiding it from potential trackers and even your internet service provider.

Reflection:

• Have you ever noticed personalized ads following you after an online search? How did it make you feel?

What steps can you take today to limit unnecessary data collection while browsing the web?